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Stable kernels 5.5.15, 5.4.30, 4.19.114, 4.14.175, 4.9.218, and 4.4.218 have been released. They all contain important fixes and users should upgrade.

The kernel provides a number of CPU-frequency governors to choose from; by most accounts, the most effective of those is "schedutil", which was merged for the 4.7 kernel in 2016. While schedutil is used on mobile devices, it still doesn't see much use on x86 desktops; the intel_pstate governor is generally seen giving better results on those processors as a result of the secret knowledge embodied therein. A set of patches merged for 5.7, though, gives schedutil a better idea of what the true utilization of x86 processors is and, as a result, greatly improves its effectiveness.

The 5.6.2 stable kernel has been released with some important fixes, including one for the 5.6 wireless regression. Users should upgrade.

Security updates have been issued by Arch Linux (chromium, kernel, linux-hardened, linux-lts, and pam-krb5), Debian (haproxy, libplist, and python-bleach), Fedora (tomcat), Gentoo (ghostscript-gpl, haproxy, ledger, qtwebengine, and virtualbox), Red Hat (haproxy, nodejs:12, qemu-kvm-rhev, and rh-haproxy18-haproxy), SUSE (memcached and qemu), and Ubuntu (apport).

LineageOS 17.1 is out. This release of the Android-based distribution once known as CyanogenMod includes a rebase onto the Android 10 release of the Android Open Source Project, improved theme support, support for on-screen fingerprint sensors, the ability to use biometric sensors to control access to apps, and more. "On the whole, we feel that the 17.1 branch has reached feature and stability parity with 16.0 and is ready for initial release. With 17.1 being the most recent and most actively developed branch, on April 1st, 2020 it will begin receiving nightly builds and 16.0 will be moved to weekly builds."

The LWN.net Weekly Edition for April 2, 2020 is available.

Python string objects are immutable, so changing the value of a string requires that a new string object be created with the new value. That is fairly well-understood within the community, but there are some "anti-patterns" that arise; it is pretty common for new users to build up a longer string by repeatedly concatenating to the end of the "same" string. The performance penalty for doing that could be avoided by switching to a type that is geared toward incremental updates, but Python 3 has already optimized the penalty away for regular strings. A recent thread on the python-ideas mailing list explored this topic some.

The LXD system container and virtual manager, LXC container runtime, and LXCFS FUSE filesystem projects have released version 4.0 LTS. LTS versions of these intertwined projects are released every 2 years and receive 5 years of security and bugfix support.

The annual Debian project leader (DPL) election is well underway at this point; voting begins in early April and the outcome will be known after the polls close on April 18. Outgoing DPL Sam Hartman posted a lengthy "non-platform" in the run-up to the election, which detailed the highs and lows of his term, perhaps providing something of a roadmap, complete with pitfalls, for potential candidates—Hartman is not running again this time. When the nomination period completed, three people put their hats into the ring: Jonathan Carter, Sruthi Chandran, and Brian Gupta. Their platforms have been posted and there have been several threads on the debian-vote mailing list with questions for the candidates; it seems like a good time to look in on the race.

Ars Technica reports on the recently disclosed OpenWrt package verification vulnerability. The headline may be a bit overwrought, though. "These code-execution exploits are limited in their scope because adversaries must either be in a position to conduct a man-in-the-middle attack or tamper with the DNS server that a device uses to find the update on the Internet. That means routers on a network that has no malicious users and using a legitimate DNS server are safe from attack." It also assumes that people actually update their routers, which seems unlikely in most cases in the real world.

Stable kernels 5.6.1, 5.5.14, and 5.4.29 have been released with the usual set of important fixes. Users should upgrade.

Security updates have been issued by Debian (apng2gif, gst-plugins-bad0.10, and libpam-krb5), Fedora (coturn, libarchive, and phpMyAdmin), Mageia (chromium-browser-stable, nghttp2, php, phpmyadmin, sympa, and vim), openSUSE (GraphicsMagick, ldns, phpMyAdmin, python-mysql-connector-python, python-nltk, and tor), Red Hat (advancecomp, avahi, bash, bind, bluez, buildah, chromium-browser, cups, curl, docker, dovecot, doxygen, dpdk, evolution, expat, file, gettext, GNOME, httpd, idm:DL1, ImageMagick, kernel, kernel-rt, lftp, libosinfo, libqb, libreoffice, libsndfile, libxml2, mailman, mariadb, mod_auth_mellon, mutt, nbdkit, net-snmp, nss-softokn, okular, php, podman, polkit, poppler and evince, procps-ng, python, python-twisted-web, python3, qemu-kvm, qemu-kvm-ma, qt, rsyslog, samba, skopeo, squid, systemd, taglib, texlive, unzip, virt:8.1, wireshark, and zziplib), Slackware (gnutls and httpd), and SUSE (glibc, icu, kernel, and mariadb).

The Free Software Foundation is focusing on the shortage of medical equipment and using 3D printers to make more. "That's why we're looking into what we can make with our in-office Respects Your Freedom (RYF)-certified 3D printers, and we're talking to the brand new Mass General Brigham Center for COVID Innovation so they can direct our efforts. We're also gathering resources for our "HACKERS and HOSPITALS" plan at the LibrePlanet wiki page, and if you have expertise, 3D printers, or supplies to contribute, please contact Michael via sysadmin@fsf.org. If you do not have the means to produce medical gear and you still want to help, research can be done from anywhere with only a computer and an Internet connection. Add any projects that are freely licensed working towards helping with COVID-19 to the wiki!"

The Mozilla Open Source Support Program (MOSS) has launched a COVID-19 Solutions Fund, which will provide awards of up to $50,000 each to open source technology projects which are responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in some way. "As part of the COVID-19 Solutions Fund, we will accept applications that are hardware (e.g., an open source ventilator), software (e.g., a platform that connects hospitals with people who have 3D printers who can print parts for that open source ventilator), as well as software that solves for secondary effects of COVID-19 (e.g., a browser plugin that combats COVID related misinformation)."

Security updates have been issued by Debian (tinyproxy), Fedora (okular), Gentoo (ffmpeg, libxls, and qemu), openSUSE (GraphicsMagick), Red Hat (qemu-kvm-rhev), SUSE (cloud-init and spamassassin), and Ubuntu (bluez, libpam-krb5, linux-raspi2, linux-raspi2-5.3, and Timeshift).

OpenBSD developer Ted Unangst looks for lessons in a set of recent vulnerabilities in that system. "Even OpenBSD is subject to compromise for the sake of practicality, which is how some legacy designs stick around. So the lesson perhaps is to really stick with the principles that work, and not just when convenient. But not always an easy choice to make."

When the 5.6 kernel was released on March 29, 12,665 non-merge changesets had been accepted from 1,712 developers, making this a fairly typical development cycle in a number of ways. As per longstanding LWN tradition, what follows is a look at where those changesets came from and who supported the work that created them. This may have been an ordinary cycle, but there are still a couple of differences worth noting.

Back in February, LWN reported on the process of gathering requirements for a Git forge system. That process then went relatively quiet until March 28, when the posting of a "CPE Weekly" news summary included, under "other updates", a note that the decision has been made. It appears that the project will be pushed toward a not-fully-free version of the GitLab offering. It is fair to say that this decision — or how it was presented — was not met with universal acclaim in the Fedora community; see this response from Neal Gompa for more.

The Debian community has announced a one-week, online "biohackathon" as a focused effort to improve the available free biomedical tools. "Most tasks do not require any knowledge of biology or medicine, and all types of contributions are welcome: bug triage, testing, documentation, CI, translations, packaging, and code contributions."

Security updates have been issued by Debian (php-horde-form and tika), Fedora (dcraw and libmodsecurity), Gentoo (libidn2 and screen), openSUSE (cloud-init, cni, cni-plugins, conmon, fuse-overlayfs, podman, opera, phpMyAdmin, python-mysql-connector-python, ruby2.5, strongswan, and tor), Oracle (ipmitool), Scientific Linux (ipmitool), SUSE (spamassassin and tomcat), and Ubuntu (twisted and webkit2gtk).